SpringBoot源码分析2——走向自动装配

Author： F嘉阳
发布时间：December 10, 2020
126views
关闭评论
17868 words
Categories：学习

Spring Framework 手动装配

Spring模式注解装配

定义:一种用于声明在应用中扮演“组件”角色的注解
举例:@Component、@Service、@Configuration等
装配:< context: component-scan>或@Componentscan

Stereotype Annotations
A *stereotype annotation is an annotation that is used to declare the role that a component plays within the application. For example, the @Repository annotation in the Spring Framework is a marker for any class that fulfills the role or stereotype* of a repository (also known as Data Access Object or DAO).
@Component is a generic stereotype for any Spring-managed component. Any component annotated with @Component is a candidate for component scanning. Similarly, any component annotated with an annotation that is itself meta-annotated with @Component is also a candidate for component scanning. For example, @Service is meta-annotated with @Component.
Core Spring provides several stereotype annotations out of the box, including but not limited to: @Component, @Service, @Repository, @Controller, @RestController, and @Configuration. @Repository, @Service, etc. are specializations of @Component.

模式注解是一种用于声明在应用中扮演“组件”角色的注解。如 Spring Framework 中的 @Repository 标注在任何类上，用于扮演仓储角色的模式注解。

@Component 作为一种由 Spring 容器托管的通用模式组件，任何被 @Component 标准的组件均为组件扫描的候选对象。类似地，凡是被 @Component 元标注（meta-annotated）的注解，如 @Service ，当任何组件标注它时，也被视作组件扫描的候选对象（派生性）

模式注解举例

Spring Framework 注解	场景说明	起始版本
`@Repository`	数据仓储模式注解	2.0
`@Component`	通用组件模式注解	2.5
`@Service`	服务模式注解	2.5
`@Controller`	Web控制器模式注解	2.5
`@Configuration`	配置类模式注解	3.0

装配方式

<context:component-scan> 方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-
context.xsd">
 
    <!-- 激活注解驱动特性 -->
    <context:annotation-config />
 
    <!-- 找寻被 @Component 或者其派生 Annotation 标记的类（Class），将它们注册为 Spring Bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="top.fjy8018.spring.boot" />
 
</beans>

@ComponentScan 方式

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "top.fjy8018.spring.boot")
public class SpringConfiguration {
    ...
}

Spring Framework手动装配

自定义模式注解

`@Component` “派生性”

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:36
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Repository
public @interface FirstLevelRepository {

    /**
     * 保证签名一致性
     */
    String value() default "";
}

三个级别并无明显区别，体现注解派生性，即使用@FirstLevelRepository和使用@Component效果一致

派生关系

@Component
- @Repository
  - @FirstLevelRepository

package org.springframework.stereotype;

/**
 * @since 2.5
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Indexed
public @interface Component {

  /**
   * Component的签名
   */
  String value() default "";

}

Repository中元标注了@Component

package org.springframework.stereotype;

/**
 * @since 2.0
 * @see Component
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Repository {

  /**
   * 签名与Component一致
   */
  @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
  String value() default "";
}

`@Component` “层次性”

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * Component层次性
 * 顶级 {@link Component}
 * 一级 {@link Repository @Repository}
 * 二级 {@link FirstLevelRepository}
 * 三级 {@link SecondLevelRepository}
 *
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:54
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@FirstLevelRepository
public @interface SecondLevelRepository {

    /**
     * 层次性、派生性都必须保证签名一致
     */
    String value() default "";
}

@Component
- @Repository
  - FirstLevelRepository
    - SecondLevelRepository

注解目标类，value 为bean的名称，此处不管用@FirstLevelRepository还是用SecondLevelRepository，效果都和使用@Component一致

package top.fjy8018.springboot.repository;

import top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation.FirstLevelRepository;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:40
 */
//@Component("myRepository")
@FirstLevelRepository(value = "myRepository")
//@SecondLevelRepository(value = "myRepository")
public class RepositoryDemo {
}

仓储引导类，使用@ComponentScan指定扫描Bean路径

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.repository.RepositoryDemo;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:43
 */
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "top.fjy8018.springboot.repository")
public class RepositoryBootstrapDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(RepositoryBootstrapDemo.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 通过bean名称获取bean
        RepositoryDemo myRepository = applicationContext.getBean("myRepository", RepositoryDemo.class);

        // myRepository是否存在，若不存在则报错
        System.out.println("myRepository是否存在：" + myRepository);

        // 关闭上下文
        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

执行结果

1552526410620

SpringBoot源码中也有体现该层次关系

@SpringBootApplication
- @SpringBootConfiguration
  - @Configuration
    - @Component
- @EnableAutoConfiguration
  - @AutoConfigurationPackage

Spring @Enable 模块装配

Spring Framework 3.1 开始支持“@Enable 模块驱动”。所谓“模块”是指具备相同领域的功能组件集合，组合所形成一个独立的单元。比如 Web MVC 模块、AspectJ代理模块、Caching（缓存）模块、JMX（Java 管理扩展）模块、Async（异步处理）模块等。

举例:@EnableWebmvc、@EnableAutoConfiguration等
实现:注解方式、编程方式

@Enable 注解模块举例

框架实现	`@Enable` 注解模块	激活模块
Spring Framework	`@EnableWebMvc`	Web
	`@EnableTransactionManagement`	事务管理模块
	`@EnableCaching`	Caching 模块
	`@EnableMBeanExport`	JMX 模块
	`@EnableAsync`	异步处理模块
	`EnableWebFlux`	Web Flux 模块
	`@EnableAspectJAutoProxy`	AspectJ 代理模块

Spring Boot	`@EnableAutoConfiguration`	自动装配模块
	`@EnableManagementContext`	Actuator 管理模块
	`@EnableConfigurationProperties`	配置属性绑定模块
	`@EnableOAuth2Sso`	OAuth2 单点登录模块

Spring Cloud	`@EnableEurekaServer`	Eureka服务器模块
	`@EnableConfigServer`	配置服务器模块
	`@EnableFeignClients`	Feign客户端模块
	`@EnableZuulProxy`	服务网关
	`@EnableCircuitBreaker`	服务熔断模块

实现方式

注解驱动方式

Spring源码，使用@Import注入配置Bean

package org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {}

接口编程方式

Spring源码——激活缓存注解

package org.springframework.cache.annotation;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(CachingConfigurationSelector.class)
public @interface EnableCaching {...}

CachingConfigurationSelector类图

CachingConfigurationSelector

ImportSelector接口源码，该接口在3.1引入，目的在于增加灵活度

selectImports方法返回数组，即可以死是多个配置Bean

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 3.1
 */
public interface ImportSelector {
  
    String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata);
}

@Enable注解方式自定义实现

激活HelloWorld模块，使用@Import(HelloWorldConfiguration.class)直接注入HelloWorldConfiguration模块

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:35
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Import(HelloWorldConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableHelloWorld {}

目标类，其注解@Configuration在Spring3.0时引入

package top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:31
 */
@Configuration
public class HelloWorldConfiguration {

    /**
     * 方法名称即Bean名称
     * @return Hello World!
     */
    @Bean
    public String helloWorld() {
        return "Hello world!";
    }
}

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 3.0
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
  @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
  String value() default "";
}

@Enable接口编程方式自定义实现

参考Spring包名路径创建自定义Selector，通过HelloWorldImportSelector实现HelloWorldConfiguration的配置Bean导入

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportSelector;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:28
 */
public class HelloWorldImportSelector implements ImportSelector {

    /**
     * @param importingClassMetadata 元数据信息
     * @return 一个或多个配置Bean
     */
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
        return new String[]{HelloWorldConfiguration.class.getName()};
    }
}

激活模块方式变化，使用@Import(HelloWorldImportSelector.class)注入HelloWorldImportSelector模块，在Selector里加载并返回 HelloWorldConfiguration 模块

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:35
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
//@Import(HelloWorldConfiguration.class)
@Import(HelloWorldImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableHelloWorld {
}

实现逻辑

graph LR
A(EnableHelloWorld) --> B(HelloWorldImportSelector) 
    B-->C(HelloWorldConfiguration)
    C --> D(helloWorld)

此方法比直接注解驱动更有弹性，可增加switch条件返回不同的模块，源码样例CachingConfigurationSelector

package org.springframework.cache.annotation;
public class CachingConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableCaching> {
  
    @Override
  public String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {
    switch (adviceMode) {
      case PROXY:
        return getProxyImports();
      case ASPECTJ:
        return getAspectJImports();
      default:
        return null;
    }
  }
    ...
}

Spring条件装配

从 Spring Framework 3.1 开始，允许在 Bean 装配时增加前置条件判断

Spring 注解	场景说明	起始版本
`@Profile`	配置化条件装配	3.1
`@Conditional`	编程条件装配	4.0

条件注解实现方式

配置方式 - `@Profile`

在spring4后实现方式发生变化，依赖@Conditional和ProfileCondition实现

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
* @since 3.1
*/
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(ProfileCondition.class)
public @interface Profile {...}

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 4.0
 */
class ProfileCondition implements Condition {...}

通过上下文对象和注解元信息判断

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 4.0
 */
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Condition {
  boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata);
}

编程方式 - `@Conditional`

ConditionalOnClass用于判断标识类在当前classpath下是否存在，该注解使用@Conditional搭配OnClassCondition实现

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

/**
 * {@link Conditional} that only matches when the specified classes are on the classpath.
 */
@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(OnClassCondition.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnClass {...}

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

/**
 * {@link Condition} that checks if properties are defined in environment.
 * @since 1.1.0
 * @see ConditionalOnProperty
 */
@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 40)
class OnPropertyCondition extends SpringBootCondition {
    @Override
  public ConditionOutcome getMatchOutcome(ConditionContext context,
      AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
        // 获取元信息
    List<AnnotationAttributes> allAnnotationAttributes = annotationAttributesFromMultiValueMap(
        metadata.getAllAnnotationAttributes(
            ConditionalOnProperty.class.getName()));
    List<ConditionMessage> noMatch = new ArrayList<>();
    List<ConditionMessage> match = new ArrayList<>();
    for (AnnotationAttributes annotationAttributes : allAnnotationAttributes) {
      ConditionOutcome outcome = determineOutcome(annotationAttributes,
          context.getEnvironment());
      (outcome.isMatch() ? match : noMatch).add(outcome.getConditionMessage());
    }
    if (!noMatch.isEmpty()) {
      return ConditionOutcome.noMatch(ConditionMessage.of(noMatch));
    }
    return ConditionOutcome.match(ConditionMessage.of(match));
  }
    ...
}

OnPropertyCondition为抽象类，实际仍然是Condition接口的实现

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

public abstract class SpringBootCondition implements Condition {...}

ConditionalOnProperty用于判断配置在上下文中是否存在

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

/**
 * @since 1.1.0
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD })
@Documented
@Conditional(OnPropertyCondition.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnProperty {...}

自定义条件装配

目标服务

package top.fjy8018.springboot.service;

/**
 * 计算模块
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:56
 */
public interface CalculateService {

    /**
     * 多整数求和
     * @param values 多个整数
     * @return 累加值
     */
    Integer sum(Integer... values);
}

基于配置方式

服务实现类，分别使用 for循环实现和Lambda实现，均标注@Service作为Bean自动注入

指定@Profile("Java7")，当条件为Java7时才装配

package top.fjy8018.springboot.service.impl;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.service.CalculateService;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:57
 */
@Profile("Java7")
@Service
public class Java7CalculateServiceImpl implements CalculateService {

    /**
     * 多整数求和
     *
     * @param values 多个整数
     * @return 累加值
     */
    @Override
    public Integer sum(Integer... values) {
        System.out.println("计算模块java7 for循环实现");
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
            sum += values[i];
        }
        return sum;
    }
}

指定@Profile("Java8")，当条件为Java7时才装配

package top.fjy8018.springboot.service.impl;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.service.CalculateService;

import java.util.stream.Stream;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:57
 */
@Profile("Java8")
@Service
public class Java8CalculateServiceImpl implements CalculateService {

    /**
     * 多整数求和
     * @param values 多个整数
     * @return 累加值
     */
    @Override
    public Integer sum(Integer... values) {
        System.out.println("计算模块java8 Lambda实现");
        return Stream.of(values).reduce(0, Integer::sum);
    }
}

启动类，通过scanBasePackages指定报名扫描，该方法与@ComponentScan(basePackages = "xxx")效果一致

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.service.CalculateService;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 12:06
 */
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = "top.fjy8018.springboot.service")
public class CalculateServiceDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(CalculateServiceDemo.class)
                .profiles("Java8")
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 直接用类获取bean
        CalculateService calculateService = applicationContext.getBean(CalculateService.class);

        // calculateService Bean 是否存在，若不添加Profile则必有报错
        Integer[] values = new Integer[10];
        for (int i = 1; i <= values.length; i++) {
            values[i - 1] = i;
        }
        System.out.println("calculateService Bean 求和: " + calculateService.sum(values));

        // 关闭上下文
        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

执行结果——java8

1552531493071

执行结果——java7

1552531524970

若不指定配置则报错

1552531560007

基于编程方式

系统属性条件判断实现类

package top.fjy8018.springboot.condition;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Condition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionContext;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotatedTypeMetadata;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 17:15
 */
public class OnSystemPropertyCondition implements Condition {

    /**
     * 条件匹配规则，此处可实现复杂逻辑判断
     * @param context  上下文
     * @param metadata 元信息
     * @return 是否匹配
     */
    @Override
    public boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {

        // 通过类名称取元信息
        Map<String, Object> annotationAttributes = metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(ConditionalOnSystemProperty.class.getName());

        String propertyName = String.valueOf(annotationAttributes.get("name"));
        String propertyValue = String.valueOf(annotationAttributes.get("value"));

        // 取系统属性
        String systemPropertyValue = System.getProperty(propertyName);

        return propertyValue.equals(systemPropertyValue);
    }

Java 系统属性条件判断类装配，系统属性通过Java API获取java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String)方法获取的属性值

package top.fjy8018.springboot.condition;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Conditional;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 17:14
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(OnSystemPropertyCondition.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnSystemProperty {

    /**
     * Java 系统属性名称
     * @return 系统属性名称
     */
    String name();

    /**
     * 系统属性值
     * @return 属性值
     */
    String value();
}

启动类，helloWorld仅在系统条件满足时自动装配，注解若作用于类上语义相同

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.condition.ConditionalOnSystemProperty;

/**
 * 系统属性条件引导类
 *
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 17:26
 */
public class SystemPropertyConditionBootstrap {

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnSystemProperty(name = "user.name", value = "11860")
    public String helloWorld() {
        return "Hello SpringBoot2.0";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(SystemPropertyConditionBootstrap.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 通过类型和方法名获取Bean
        String helloWorldBean = applicationContext.getBean("helloWorld", String.class);
        // 若系统参数条件不匹配则报找不到Bean错误，以此实现编程方式条件加载
        System.out.println("ConditionalOnSystemProperty 加载内容：" + helloWorldBean);

        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

执行结果

1552538022445

条件不满足则报错

1552538064667

Spring Boot 自动装配

在 Spring Boot 场景下，基于规约大于配置的原则，实现 Spring 组件自动装配的目的（0配置）。

装配: 模式注解、@Eηable模块、条件装配、工厂加载机制
实现: 激活自动装配、实现自动装配、配置自动装配实现

底层装配技术

Spring 模式注解装配
Spring @Enable 模块装配
Spring 条件装配装配
Spring 工厂加载机制
- 实现类： SpringFactoriesLoader
- 配置资源： META-INF/spring.factories

package org.springframework.core.io.support;

/**
 * @since 3.2
 */
public abstract class SpringFactoriesLoader {

  public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";
    
    public static <T> List<T> loadFactories(Class<T> factoryClass, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
    Assert.notNull(factoryClass, "'factoryClass' must not be null");
        // 获取类加载器
    ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = classLoader;
    if (classLoaderToUse == null) {
      classLoaderToUse = SpringFactoriesLoader.class.getClassLoader();
    }
    List<String> factoryNames = loadFactoryNames(factoryClass, classLoaderToUse);
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("Loaded [" + factoryClass.getName() + "] names: " + factoryNames);
    }
    List<T> result = new ArrayList<>(factoryNames.size());
        // 迭代装配
    for (String factoryName : factoryNames) {
      result.add(instantiateFactory(factoryName, factoryClass, classLoaderToUse));
    }
    AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(result);
    return result;
  }
    ...
}

自动装配举例

参考 META-INF/spring.factories

实现方法

激活自动装配 - @EnableAutoConfiguration
实现自动装配 - XXXAutoConfiguration
配置自动装配实现 - META-INF/spring.factories

目的在于使用META-INF/spring.factories文件配置替代@ComponentScan手动装配注解，从而实现自动装配

1552539366653

而Spring大多数自动装配都由starter模块负责

自定义自动装配

设计逻辑

HelloWorldAutoConfiguration

条件判断： user.name == "Mercy"
模式注解： @Configuration
@Enable 模块：流程图

引导类

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-10 17:13
 */
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class HelloWorldAutoConfigurationBootstrap {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(HelloWorldAutoConfigurationBootstrap.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 通过bean名称获取helloWorld Bean
        String helloWorldBean = applicationContext.getBean("helloWorld", String.class);

        // helloWorld Bean 是否存在
        System.out.println("helloWorld Bean 内容: " + helloWorldBean);

        // 关闭上下文
        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

配置Bean，使用模式注解标注 @Configuration，该类实际上实现了条件装配、模式注解、自动装配

package top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation.EnableHelloWorld;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.condition.ConditionalOnSystemProperty;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-10 17:23
 */
@Configuration
@EnableHelloWorld
@ConditionalOnSystemProperty(name = "user.name", value = "11860")
public class HelloWorldAutoConfiguration {}

创建spring.factories，每行全类名顶格开始，防止在某些版本下产生不稳定的BUG

# 自动装配
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldAutoConfiguration

1552552371274

执行结果与之前一致

1552552720130

Last modification：September 7th, 2023 at 03:06 pm

如果觉得我的文章对你有用，请随意赞赏

Comment here is closed

SpringBoot源码分析2——走向自动装配

F嘉阳 • 2020 年 12 月 10 日

Spring Framework 手动装配

Spring模式注解装配

定义:一种用于声明在应用中扮演“组件”角色的注解
举例:@Component、@Service、@Configuration等
装配:< context: component-scan>或@Componentscan

官方仓库说明

Stereotype Annotations
A *stereotype annotation is an annotation that is used to declare the role that a component plays within the application. For example, the @Repository annotation in the Spring Framework is a marker for any class that fulfills the role or stereotype* of a repository (also known as Data Access Object or DAO).
@Component is a generic stereotype for any Spring-managed component. Any component annotated with @Component is a candidate for component scanning. Similarly, any component annotated with an annotation that is itself meta-annotated with @Component is also a candidate for component scanning. For example, @Service is meta-annotated with @Component.
Core Spring provides several stereotype annotations out of the box, including but not limited to: @Component, @Service, @Repository, @Controller, @RestController, and @Configuration. @Repository, @Service, etc. are specializations of @Component.

模式注解是一种用于声明在应用中扮演“组件”角色的注解。如 Spring Framework 中的 @Repository 标注在任何类上，用于扮演仓储角色的模式注解。

模式注解举例

Spring Framework 注解	场景说明	起始版本
`@Repository`	数据仓储模式注解	2.0
`@Component`	通用组件模式注解	2.5
`@Service`	服务模式注解	2.5
`@Controller`	Web控制器模式注解	2.5
`@Configuration`	配置类模式注解	3.0

装配方式

<context:component-scan> 方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-
context.xsd">
 
    <!-- 激活注解驱动特性 -->
    <context:annotation-config />
 
    <!-- 找寻被 @Component 或者其派生 Annotation 标记的类（Class），将它们注册为 Spring Bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="top.fjy8018.spring.boot" />
 
</beans>

@ComponentScan 方式

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "top.fjy8018.spring.boot")
public class SpringConfiguration {
    ...
}

Spring Framework手动装配

自定义模式注解

`@Component` “派生性”

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:36
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Repository
public @interface FirstLevelRepository {

    /**
     * 保证签名一致性
     */
    String value() default "";
}

三个级别并无明显区别，体现注解派生性，即使用@FirstLevelRepository和使用@Component效果一致

派生关系

@Component
- @Repository
  - @FirstLevelRepository

package org.springframework.stereotype;

/**
 * @since 2.5
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Indexed
public @interface Component {

  /**
   * Component的签名
   */
  String value() default "";

}

Repository中元标注了@Component

package org.springframework.stereotype;

/**
 * @since 2.0
 * @see Component
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Repository {

  /**
   * 签名与Component一致
   */
  @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
  String value() default "";
}

`@Component` “层次性”

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * Component层次性
 * 顶级 {@link Component}
 * 一级 {@link Repository @Repository}
 * 二级 {@link FirstLevelRepository}
 * 三级 {@link SecondLevelRepository}
 *
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:54
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@FirstLevelRepository
public @interface SecondLevelRepository {

    /**
     * 层次性、派生性都必须保证签名一致
     */
    String value() default "";
}

@Component
- @Repository
  - FirstLevelRepository
    - SecondLevelRepository

注解目标类，value 为bean的名称，此处不管用@FirstLevelRepository还是用SecondLevelRepository，效果都和使用@Component一致

package top.fjy8018.springboot.repository;

import top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation.FirstLevelRepository;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:40
 */
//@Component("myRepository")
@FirstLevelRepository(value = "myRepository")
//@SecondLevelRepository(value = "myRepository")
public class RepositoryDemo {
}

仓储引导类，使用@ComponentScan指定扫描Bean路径

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.repository.RepositoryDemo;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 10:43
 */
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "top.fjy8018.springboot.repository")
public class RepositoryBootstrapDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(RepositoryBootstrapDemo.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 通过bean名称获取bean
        RepositoryDemo myRepository = applicationContext.getBean("myRepository", RepositoryDemo.class);

        // myRepository是否存在，若不存在则报错
        System.out.println("myRepository是否存在：" + myRepository);

        // 关闭上下文
        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

执行结果

1552526410620

SpringBoot源码中也有体现该层次关系

@SpringBootApplication
- @SpringBootConfiguration
  - @Configuration
    - @Component
- @EnableAutoConfiguration
  - @AutoConfigurationPackage

Spring @Enable 模块装配

举例:@EnableWebmvc、@EnableAutoConfiguration等
实现:注解方式、编程方式

@Enable 注解模块举例

框架实现	`@Enable` 注解模块	激活模块
Spring Framework	`@EnableWebMvc`	Web
	`@EnableTransactionManagement`	事务管理模块
	`@EnableCaching`	Caching 模块
	`@EnableMBeanExport`	JMX 模块
	`@EnableAsync`	异步处理模块
	`EnableWebFlux`	Web Flux 模块
	`@EnableAspectJAutoProxy`	AspectJ 代理模块

Spring Boot	`@EnableAutoConfiguration`	自动装配模块
	`@EnableManagementContext`	Actuator 管理模块
	`@EnableConfigurationProperties`	配置属性绑定模块
	`@EnableOAuth2Sso`	OAuth2 单点登录模块

Spring Cloud	`@EnableEurekaServer`	Eureka服务器模块
	`@EnableConfigServer`	配置服务器模块
	`@EnableFeignClients`	Feign客户端模块
	`@EnableZuulProxy`	服务网关
	`@EnableCircuitBreaker`	服务熔断模块

实现方式

注解驱动方式

Spring源码，使用@Import注入配置Bean

package org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation;

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {}

接口编程方式

Spring源码——激活缓存注解

package org.springframework.cache.annotation;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Import(CachingConfigurationSelector.class)
public @interface EnableCaching {...}

CachingConfigurationSelector类图

CachingConfigurationSelector

ImportSelector接口源码，该接口在3.1引入，目的在于增加灵活度

selectImports方法返回数组，即可以死是多个配置Bean

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 3.1
 */
public interface ImportSelector {
  
    String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata);
}

@Enable注解方式自定义实现

激活HelloWorld模块，使用@Import(HelloWorldConfiguration.class)直接注入HelloWorldConfiguration模块

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:35
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Import(HelloWorldConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableHelloWorld {}

目标类，其注解@Configuration在Spring3.0时引入

package top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:31
 */
@Configuration
public class HelloWorldConfiguration {

    /**
     * 方法名称即Bean名称
     * @return Hello World!
     */
    @Bean
    public String helloWorld() {
        return "Hello world!";
    }
}

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 3.0
 */
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
  @AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
  String value() default "";
}

@Enable接口编程方式自定义实现

参考Spring包名路径创建自定义Selector，通过HelloWorldImportSelector实现HelloWorldConfiguration的配置Bean导入

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportSelector;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotationMetadata;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:28
 */
public class HelloWorldImportSelector implements ImportSelector {

    /**
     * @param importingClassMetadata 元数据信息
     * @return 一个或多个配置Bean
     */
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
        return new String[]{HelloWorldConfiguration.class.getName()};
    }
}

激活模块方式变化，使用@Import(HelloWorldImportSelector.class)注入HelloWorldImportSelector模块，在Selector里加载并返回 HelloWorldConfiguration 模块

package top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:35
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
//@Import(HelloWorldConfiguration.class)
@Import(HelloWorldImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableHelloWorld {
}

实现逻辑

graph LR
A(EnableHelloWorld) --> B(HelloWorldImportSelector) 
    B-->C(HelloWorldConfiguration)
    C --> D(helloWorld)

此方法比直接注解驱动更有弹性，可增加switch条件返回不同的模块，源码样例CachingConfigurationSelector

package org.springframework.cache.annotation;
public class CachingConfigurationSelector extends AdviceModeImportSelector<EnableCaching> {
  
    @Override
  public String[] selectImports(AdviceMode adviceMode) {
    switch (adviceMode) {
      case PROXY:
        return getProxyImports();
      case ASPECTJ:
        return getAspectJImports();
      default:
        return null;
    }
  }
    ...
}

Spring条件装配

从 Spring Framework 3.1 开始，允许在 Bean 装配时增加前置条件判断

Spring 注解	场景说明	起始版本
`@Profile`	配置化条件装配	3.1
`@Conditional`	编程条件装配	4.0

条件注解实现方式

配置方式 - `@Profile`

在spring4后实现方式发生变化，依赖@Conditional和ProfileCondition实现

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
* @since 3.1
*/
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(ProfileCondition.class)
public @interface Profile {...}

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 4.0
 */
class ProfileCondition implements Condition {...}

通过上下文对象和注解元信息判断

package org.springframework.context.annotation;

/**
 * @since 4.0
 */
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Condition {
  boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata);
}

编程方式 - `@Conditional`

ConditionalOnClass用于判断标识类在当前classpath下是否存在，该注解使用@Conditional搭配OnClassCondition实现

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

/**
 * {@link Conditional} that only matches when the specified classes are on the classpath.
 */
@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD })
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(OnClassCondition.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnClass {...}

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

/**
 * {@link Condition} that checks if properties are defined in environment.
 * @since 1.1.0
 * @see ConditionalOnProperty
 */
@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 40)
class OnPropertyCondition extends SpringBootCondition {
    @Override
  public ConditionOutcome getMatchOutcome(ConditionContext context,
      AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {
        // 获取元信息
    List<AnnotationAttributes> allAnnotationAttributes = annotationAttributesFromMultiValueMap(
        metadata.getAllAnnotationAttributes(
            ConditionalOnProperty.class.getName()));
    List<ConditionMessage> noMatch = new ArrayList<>();
    List<ConditionMessage> match = new ArrayList<>();
    for (AnnotationAttributes annotationAttributes : allAnnotationAttributes) {
      ConditionOutcome outcome = determineOutcome(annotationAttributes,
          context.getEnvironment());
      (outcome.isMatch() ? match : noMatch).add(outcome.getConditionMessage());
    }
    if (!noMatch.isEmpty()) {
      return ConditionOutcome.noMatch(ConditionMessage.of(noMatch));
    }
    return ConditionOutcome.match(ConditionMessage.of(match));
  }
    ...
}

OnPropertyCondition为抽象类，实际仍然是Condition接口的实现

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

public abstract class SpringBootCondition implements Condition {...}

ConditionalOnProperty用于判断配置在上下文中是否存在

package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition;

/**
 * @since 1.1.0
 */
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target({ ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD })
@Documented
@Conditional(OnPropertyCondition.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnProperty {...}

自定义条件装配

目标服务

package top.fjy8018.springboot.service;

/**
 * 计算模块
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:56
 */
public interface CalculateService {

    /**
     * 多整数求和
     * @param values 多个整数
     * @return 累加值
     */
    Integer sum(Integer... values);
}

基于配置方式

服务实现类，分别使用 for循环实现和Lambda实现，均标注@Service作为Bean自动注入

指定@Profile("Java7")，当条件为Java7时才装配

package top.fjy8018.springboot.service.impl;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.service.CalculateService;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:57
 */
@Profile("Java7")
@Service
public class Java7CalculateServiceImpl implements CalculateService {

    /**
     * 多整数求和
     *
     * @param values 多个整数
     * @return 累加值
     */
    @Override
    public Integer sum(Integer... values) {
        System.out.println("计算模块java7 for循环实现");
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
            sum += values[i];
        }
        return sum;
    }
}

指定@Profile("Java8")，当条件为Java7时才装配

package top.fjy8018.springboot.service.impl;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.service.CalculateService;

import java.util.stream.Stream;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 11:57
 */
@Profile("Java8")
@Service
public class Java8CalculateServiceImpl implements CalculateService {

    /**
     * 多整数求和
     * @param values 多个整数
     * @return 累加值
     */
    @Override
    public Integer sum(Integer... values) {
        System.out.println("计算模块java8 Lambda实现");
        return Stream.of(values).reduce(0, Integer::sum);
    }
}

启动类，通过scanBasePackages指定报名扫描，该方法与@ComponentScan(basePackages = "xxx")效果一致

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.service.CalculateService;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 12:06
 */
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = "top.fjy8018.springboot.service")
public class CalculateServiceDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(CalculateServiceDemo.class)
                .profiles("Java8")
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 直接用类获取bean
        CalculateService calculateService = applicationContext.getBean(CalculateService.class);

        // calculateService Bean 是否存在，若不添加Profile则必有报错
        Integer[] values = new Integer[10];
        for (int i = 1; i <= values.length; i++) {
            values[i - 1] = i;
        }
        System.out.println("calculateService Bean 求和: " + calculateService.sum(values));

        // 关闭上下文
        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

执行结果——java8

1552531493071

执行结果——java7

1552531524970

若不指定配置则报错

1552531560007

基于编程方式

系统属性条件判断实现类

package top.fjy8018.springboot.condition;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Condition;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ConditionContext;
import org.springframework.core.type.AnnotatedTypeMetadata;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 17:15
 */
public class OnSystemPropertyCondition implements Condition {

    /**
     * 条件匹配规则，此处可实现复杂逻辑判断
     * @param context  上下文
     * @param metadata 元信息
     * @return 是否匹配
     */
    @Override
    public boolean matches(ConditionContext context, AnnotatedTypeMetadata metadata) {

        // 通过类名称取元信息
        Map<String, Object> annotationAttributes = metadata.getAnnotationAttributes(ConditionalOnSystemProperty.class.getName());

        String propertyName = String.valueOf(annotationAttributes.get("name"));
        String propertyValue = String.valueOf(annotationAttributes.get("value"));

        // 取系统属性
        String systemPropertyValue = System.getProperty(propertyName);

        return propertyValue.equals(systemPropertyValue);
    }

Java 系统属性条件判断类装配，系统属性通过Java API获取java.lang.System#getProperty(java.lang.String)方法获取的属性值

package top.fjy8018.springboot.condition;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Conditional;

import java.lang.annotation.*;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 17:14
 */
@Target({ElementType.TYPE, ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Conditional(OnSystemPropertyCondition.class)
public @interface ConditionalOnSystemProperty {

    /**
     * Java 系统属性名称
     * @return 系统属性名称
     */
    String name();

    /**
     * 系统属性值
     * @return 属性值
     */
    String value();
}

启动类，helloWorld仅在系统条件满足时自动装配，注解若作用于类上语义相同

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.condition.ConditionalOnSystemProperty;

/**
 * 系统属性条件引导类
 *
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-09 17:26
 */
public class SystemPropertyConditionBootstrap {

    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnSystemProperty(name = "user.name", value = "11860")
    public String helloWorld() {
        return "Hello SpringBoot2.0";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(SystemPropertyConditionBootstrap.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 通过类型和方法名获取Bean
        String helloWorldBean = applicationContext.getBean("helloWorld", String.class);
        // 若系统参数条件不匹配则报找不到Bean错误，以此实现编程方式条件加载
        System.out.println("ConditionalOnSystemProperty 加载内容：" + helloWorldBean);

        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

执行结果

1552538022445

条件不满足则报错

1552538064667

Spring Boot 自动装配

在 Spring Boot 场景下，基于规约大于配置的原则，实现 Spring 组件自动装配的目的（0配置）。

装配: 模式注解、@Eηable模块、条件装配、工厂加载机制
实现: 激活自动装配、实现自动装配、配置自动装配实现

底层装配技术

Spring 模式注解装配
Spring @Enable 模块装配
Spring 条件装配装配
Spring 工厂加载机制
- 实现类： SpringFactoriesLoader
- 配置资源： META-INF/spring.factories

package org.springframework.core.io.support;

/**
 * @since 3.2
 */
public abstract class SpringFactoriesLoader {

  public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";
    
    public static <T> List<T> loadFactories(Class<T> factoryClass, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
    Assert.notNull(factoryClass, "'factoryClass' must not be null");
        // 获取类加载器
    ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = classLoader;
    if (classLoaderToUse == null) {
      classLoaderToUse = SpringFactoriesLoader.class.getClassLoader();
    }
    List<String> factoryNames = loadFactoryNames(factoryClass, classLoaderToUse);
    if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
      logger.trace("Loaded [" + factoryClass.getName() + "] names: " + factoryNames);
    }
    List<T> result = new ArrayList<>(factoryNames.size());
        // 迭代装配
    for (String factoryName : factoryNames) {
      result.add(instantiateFactory(factoryName, factoryClass, classLoaderToUse));
    }
    AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(result);
    return result;
  }
    ...
}

自动装配举例

参考 META-INF/spring.factories

实现方法

激活自动装配 - @EnableAutoConfiguration
实现自动装配 - XXXAutoConfiguration
配置自动装配实现 - META-INF/spring.factories

目的在于使用META-INF/spring.factories文件配置替代@ComponentScan手动装配注解，从而实现自动装配

1552539366653

而Spring大多数自动装配都由starter模块负责

自定义自动装配

设计逻辑

HelloWorldAutoConfiguration

条件判断： user.name == "Mercy"
模式注解： @Configuration
@Enable 模块：流程图

引导类

package top.fjy8018.springboot.bootstrap;

import org.springframework.boot.WebApplicationType;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-10 17:13
 */
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class HelloWorldAutoConfigurationBootstrap {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext = new SpringApplicationBuilder(HelloWorldAutoConfigurationBootstrap.class)
                .web(WebApplicationType.NONE)
                .run(args);

        // 通过bean名称获取helloWorld Bean
        String helloWorldBean = applicationContext.getBean("helloWorld", String.class);

        // helloWorld Bean 是否存在
        System.out.println("helloWorld Bean 内容: " + helloWorldBean);

        // 关闭上下文
        applicationContext.close();
    }
}

配置Bean，使用模式注解标注 @Configuration，该类实际上实现了条件装配、模式注解、自动装配

package top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.annotation.EnableHelloWorld;
import top.fjy8018.springboot.condition.ConditionalOnSystemProperty;

/**
 * @author F嘉阳
 * @date 2018-09-10 17:23
 */
@Configuration
@EnableHelloWorld
@ConditionalOnSystemProperty(name = "user.name", value = "11860")
public class HelloWorldAutoConfiguration {}

创建spring.factories，每行全类名顶格开始，防止在某些版本下产生不稳定的BUG

# 自动装配
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
top.fjy8018.springboot.configuration.HelloWorldAutoConfiguration

1552552371274

执行结果与之前一致

1552552720130

Spring Framework 手动装配

Spring模式注解装配

Stereotype Annotations

模式注解举例

装配方式

Spring Framework手动装配

自定义模式注解

@Component “派生性”

@Component “层次性”

Spring @Enable 模块装配

实现方式

注解驱动方式

接口编程方式

@Enable注解方式自定义实现

@Enable接口编程方式自定义实现

实现逻辑

Spring条件装配

条件注解实现方式

配置方式 - @Profile

编程方式 - @Conditional

自定义条件装配

基于配置方式

基于编程方式

Spring Boot 自动装配

底层装配技术

自动装配举例

实现方法

自定义自动装配

SpringBoot源码分析2——走向自动装配

Spring Framework 手动装配

Spring模式注解装配

Stereotype Annotations

模式注解举例

装配方式

Spring Framework手动装配

自定义模式注解

@Component “派生性”

@Component “层次性”

Spring @Enable 模块装配

实现方式

注解驱动方式

接口编程方式

@Enable注解方式自定义实现

@Enable接口编程方式自定义实现

实现逻辑

Spring条件装配

条件注解实现方式

配置方式 - @Profile

编程方式 - @Conditional

自定义条件装配

基于配置方式

基于编程方式

Spring Boot 自动装配

底层装配技术

自动装配举例

实现方法

自定义自动装配

`@Component` “派生性”

`@Component` “层次性”

配置方式 - `@Profile`

编程方式 - `@Conditional`

`@Component` “派生性”

`@Component` “层次性”

配置方式 - `@Profile`

编程方式 - `@Conditional`